Site details

Samos: Heraion

PK	C1483
TITLE	Samos: Heraion
WGS84	37.671877° N, 26.885864° E
Accuracy	Exact

LAT/LON	37.671877, 26.885864
LON/LAT	26.885864, 37.671877

DMS

37° 40' 18.7572" N

26° 53' 9.1104" E

W3W	spring, cements, chewing
UTM	35 S, 489935, 4169416
EGSA87	754376, 4173041

Elevation m	2
Elevation feet	6.6
Region	NE Aegean
Subregion	Samos

GENERAL SITE TYPE Settlement

TYPE

1.    Chamber Tomb.   Simpson and Dickinson [1979], 369    '...a built chamber tomb beneath a tumulus, containing two burials, ...'
2.    Chamber Tomb.   Simpson and Hagel [2006], 122    ' ... and including a built chamber tomb, ... '
3.    Chamber Tomb.   Simpson [1981], 206    'A built chamber tomb beneath a tumulus...'
4.    Mound.   Simpson and Hagel [2006], 122    'The site would presumably have been a low mound in the Bronze Age, ... '
5.    Settlement.   Simpson and Dickinson [1979], 369    'There was certainly an important LH III settlement, ...(it is usually attributed to LH IIIA).'
6.    Settlement.   Simpson [1981], 206    'There was an important fortified LH III settlement here, on flat ground. A built chamber tomb beneath a tumulus has been dated to LH IIIA.'
7.    Settlement.   Simpson and Hagel [2006], 122    'There would have been an extensive EB settlement with fortifications ... and a fortified MB village ... ', 'There was later a substantial LH III settlement, ... '
8.    Sherds.   Mazarakis-Ainian [1997], 331    'The proportion of PG pottery in the Heraion is very small when compared with the later material.'
9.    Wall.   Simpson and Hagel [2006], 122    'The section of circuit wall uncovered was in the sector KL ... ', 'It appears to be about 30 metres long and about 3 m thick.'
10.    Wall.   AR[1959], 17    ' ... a late Mycenaean defence wall came to light together with traces of late Mycenaean and earlier buildings.'

PERIOD (High Chronology)

1. Early Bronze Age: (3200 BC - 2100 BC)
    a.    Simpson and Hagel [2006]: 122, ' ... an extensive EB settlement with fortifications ... '

2. Early Bronze Age II: (3000 BC - 2700 BC)
    a.    Simpson [1981]: 206, 'EB II-III MB LB I-II? LH III(A-B, C?) PG A C H'
    b.    Simpson [1981]: 206, 'EB II-III MB LB I-II?'
    c.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 368, 'EB II-III MB LB I-II? LH III(A-B, C?) ...'
    d.    Simpson and Hagel [2006]: 122, 'EB II-III ... '

3. Early Bronze Age III: (2700 BC - 2200 BC)
    a.    Simpson [1981]: 206, 'EB II-III MB LB I-II? LH III(A-B, C?) PG A C H'
    b.    Simpson [1981]: 206, 'EB II-III MB LB I-II?'
    c.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 368, 'EB II-III MB LB I-II? LH III(A-B, C?) ...'
    d.    Simpson and Hagel [2006]: 122, 'EB II-III ... '

4. Middle Bronze Age: (2100 BC - 1550 BC)
    a.    Simpson [1981]: 206, 'EB II-III MB LB I-II?'
    b.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 368, 'EB II-III MB LB I-II? LH III(A-B, C?) ...'
    c.    Simpson and Hagel [2006]: 122, ' ... and a fortified MB village ... '

5. Late Helladic: (1700 BC - 1050 BC)
    a.    Mazarakis-Ainian [1997]: 331, 'The question whether the site was already a sanctuary in the Mycenaean period remains an enigma.'
    b.    Simpson and Hagel [2006]: 122, 'For the present, the conclusion that this wall was "a late Mycenaean defence wall" ... is Buschof's interpretation.'
    c.    AR[1959]: 17, ' ... late Mycenaean defence wall ... '
    d.    Simpson and Hagel [2006]: 122, ' ... in the north area of the Sanctuary, above the remains of the EB settlement, there were thin LH and Early Archaic layers ... '

6. Late Bronze I: (1570 BC - 1400 BC)
    a.    Simpson [1981]: 206, 'EB II-III MB LB I-II? LH III(A-B, C?) PG A C H'
    b.    Simpson [1981]: 206, 'EB II-III MB LB I-II?'
    c.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 368, 'EB II-III MB LB I-II? LH III(A-B, C?) ...'
    d.    Simpson and Hagel [2006]: 122, ' ... LB I-II? ... '

7. LH III: (1410 BC - 1060 BC)
    a.    Simpson and Hagel [2006]: 122, ' ... a substantial LH III settlement, ... '

8. LH IIIA: (1410 BC - 1315 BC)
    a.    Simpson [1981]: 206, 'A built chamber tomb beneath a tumulus has been dated to LH IIIA.'
    b.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 369, 'There was certainly an important LH III settlement, ...(it is usually attributed to LH IIIA).'
    c.    Simpson and Hagel [2006]: 122, ' ... and including a built chamber tomb, probably LH IIIA, ... '

9. Late Bronze II: (1400 BC - 1200 BC)
    a.    Simpson [1981]: 206, 'EB II-III MB LB I-II? LH III(A-B, C?) PG A C H'
    b.    Simpson [1981]: 206, 'EB II-III MB LB I-II?'
    c.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 368, 'EB II-III MB LB I-II? LH III(A-B, C?) ...'
    d.    Simpson and Hagel [2006]: 122, ' ... LB I-II? ... '

10. LH IIIB: (1320 BC - 1190 BC)
    a.    Simpson [1981]: 206, 'EB II-III MB LB I-II? LH III(A-B, C?) PG A C H'
    b.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 368, '... LH III(A-B, C?) PG G'
    c.    Simpson and Hagel [2006]: 122, ' ... LH III(A-B, C?) ... '

11. LH IIIC: (1190 BC - 1060 BC)
    a.    Simpson [1981]: 206, 'EB II-III MB LB I-II? LH III(A-B, C?) PG A C H'
    b.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 368, '... LH III(A-B, C?) PG G'
    c.    Simpson and Hagel [2006]: 122, ' ... LH III(A-B, C?) ... '

12. Protogeometric: (1100 BC - 900 BC)
    a.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 368, '... LH III(A-B, C?) PG G'
    b.    Mazarakis-Ainian [1997]: 331, 'The proportion of PG pottery in the Heraion is very small ...'
    c.    Simpson and Hagel [2006]: 122, ' ... PG   G ...

13. Geometric: (900 BC - 700 BC)
    a.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 368, '... LH III(A-B, C?) PG G'
    b.    Simpson and Hagel [2006]: 122, ' ... PG   G ...

14. Late Geometric: (760 BC - 700 BC)
    a.    AR[1959]: 17, ' ... pits (bothroi) in this region had been filled with vases ranging from Late Geometric ... '

15. Archaic: (700 BC - 480 BC)
    a.    Simpson and Hagel [2006]: 122, ' ... A ... '

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. AR[1959]: Archaeological Reports, The Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies. (6) 1959., 'Samos', pg. 17. Online here.

2. Mazarakis-Ainian [1997]: Mazarakis Ainian, Alexander. From Ruler's Dwellings to Temples; Architecture, Religion and Society in Early Iron Age Greece (1100-700 B.C.). Paul Åströms Förlag. Jonsered, Sweden. 1997., 'Samos', pg. 331.

3. Simpson and Hagel [2006]: Simpson, R. Hope and D.K. Hagel. Mycenaean Fortifications, Highways, Dams and Canals. SIMA vol. 133. Paul Åströms Förlag. Sävedalen, Sweden. 2006., 'Samos: The Heraion', pg. 122.

4. Simpson [1981]: Simpson, Richard Hope. Mycenaean Greece. Park Ridge, New Jersey: Noyes Press, 1981., 'The Heraion', pg. 206. Online here.

5. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: Simpson, Richard Hope and O.T.P.K. Dickinson. A Gazetteer of Aegean Civilization in the Bronze Age, Vol. I: The Mainland and the Islands. Paul Åströms Förlag, Goteborg. 1979., 'Samos: Heraion', pg. 368. Online here.