Gona Mound
| PK | C1652 |
| TITLE | Gona Mound |
| WGS84 | 40.53046° N, 22.989281° E |
| Accuracy | Exact |
| LAT/LON | 40.53046, 22.989281 |
| LON/LAT | 22.989281, 40.53046 |
| DMS | 40° 31' 49.656" N | , | 22° 59' 21.4116" E |
| W3W | structuring, complaining, helping |
| UTM | 34 T, 668488.52, 4488536.98 |
| EGSA87 | 414247, 4486841 |
| Elevation m | 13 |
| Elevation feet | 42.7 |
| Region | Macedonia |
GENERAL SITE TYPE Pottery
TYPE
1. Mound. Leekley and Efstratiou [1980], 84 ' ... an excavation in 1916-7 by the Archaeological Service of the French Army on a toumba and table at Gona, ... '2. Mound. Casson [1923], 171 'This mound is in a marsh on the sea-shore.'
3. Mound. French [1967], 12 'Topography: mound on plain; ... '
4. Pottery. Simpson [1981], 180 'As at Sedes (L 19), strong Mycenaean influence was observed in the pottery (Desborough, loc. cit.).', Desborough is: Desborough (1964) 140.
5. Pottery. Mazarakis-Ainian ed. [2015], 'Clay Vessels; phialai, lekanides, cups, kantharoid vessels, jugs with cut-away neck, pithoid vessels, amphorae; silverish pottery, local and imported wheel-made vessels (9th - 7th c. BC) and "local" painted vessels (second half of the 7th - early 6th c. BC)'
6. Pottery. Casson [1923], 171 'Pottery found in this stratum is shown on plate XLVII).' Referring to Rey's, 'Premieres habitats de la Macédoine.
7. Settlement. Mazarakis-Ainian ed. [2015], 'The creation of the Toumba can be placed at least in the 9th c. BC'
8. Settlement. Rey [1917-19], 146 ' ... traces laissées par les villages successifs.'
9. Settlement. Niebieszczański [2012], 27 ' ... and settlement continues to Iron Age.'
10. Sherds. Casson [1923], 171 'Mycenaean sherds were picked up by Wace in 1912.'
PERIOD (High Chronology)
1. Bronze Age: (3200 BC - 1050 BC)
a. Leekley and Efstratiou [1980]: 84, 'The toumba was inhabited throughout the Bronze Age.'
b. Niebieszczański [2012]: 27, 'Earliest dating material comes from Bronze Age ... '
2. Early Bronze Age: (3200 BC - 2100 BC)
a. Simpson [1981]: 180, 'EB MB LB LH IIIB "PG"'
b. Mazarakis-Ainian ed. [2015]: , 'The earliest archaeological evidence dates to the EBA.'
3. Middle Bronze Age: (2100 BC - 1550 BC)
a. Simpson [1981]: 180, 'EB MB LB LH IIIB "PG"'
b. Mazarakis-Ainian ed. [2015]: , 'Chronological Period: From EIA to EA'
4. Late Helladic: (1700 BC - 1050 BC)
a. Casson [1923]: 171, 'Mycenaean sherds were picked up by Wace in 1912.'
5. Late Bronze Age: (1570 BC - 1200 BC)
a. Simpson [1981]: 180, 'EB MB LB LH IIIB "PG"'
b. Mazarakis-Ainian ed. [2015]: , 'Chronological Period: From EIA to EA'
6. LH IIIB: (1320 BC - 1190 BC)
a. Simpson [1981]: 180, 'EB MB LB LH IIIB "PG"'
7. Iron Age: (1200 BC - 535 BC)
a. Leekley and Efstratiou [1980]: 84, ' ... over an Early Iron Age deposit ... '
b. Niebieszczański [2012]: 27, ' ... and settlement continues to Iron Age.'
8. Early Iron Age: (1200 BC - 960 BC)
a. Mazarakis-Ainian ed. [2015]: , 'Chronological Period: From EIA to EA'
9. Geometric: (900 BC - 700 BC)
a. Mazarakis-Ainian ed. [2015]: , 'Chronological Period: From EIA to EA'
10. Archaic: (700 BC - 480 BC)
a. Mazarakis-Ainian ed. [2015]: , 'Chronological Period: From EIA to EA'
NOTES
1. The Aristeia Project position is nearly two km. distant from the true position. Their page is here.
2. For an outline map of the toumba as it was a century ago see Rey [1917 - 19] planche xvii.
3. The agricultural school at F7067 makes the identification of this mound certain. Rey [1917-19] 141-2 says " ..., à 1 kil. au S-S. O. de l'ancienne école d'agriculture (bifurcation de la route de Galatista) ... " I cannot explain Niebieszczański's misplacing of this well-established mound in Niebieszczański [2012] 27, a paper which is entirely devoted to GIS-based research.
4. A.J.B. Wace gives a brief notice of Gona in 'The Mounds of Macedonia' in BSA (20) 123-132. On p. 127 he says "B 2. A small mound close to the Agricultural College." On 129 he says "The prehistoric character of these mounds seems to be beyond dispute, to judge by the potsherds which are common on them all ... ". Wace's article may be read here
5. The Mycenaean Atlas Project would like to thank Dr. Stratos Nanoglou of the University of Thessalonika for making available a copy of French [1967] which would have been otherwise difficult to obtain.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Casson [1923]: Casson, Stanley. ‘Mycenaean elements in the North Aegean. (No. 107)’, Man; A Monthly Record of Anthropological Science., Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. (XXIII), 170-173, 'Mycenaean Elements in the North Aegean.', pg. 170.
Online here.
2. French [1967]: French, D.H.. Index of Prehistoric Sites in Central Macedonia and Catalogue of Sherd Material in The University of Thessaloniki. Athens, 'Gona V 3', pg. 12.
3. Leekley and Efstratiou [1980]: Leekley, Dorothy and Nicholas Efstratiou. Archaeological Excavations in Northern Greece. Noyes Press, Park Ridge, New Jersey. 1980, 'Gona (Thessaloniki)', pg. 84.
4. Mazarakis-Ainian ed. [2015]: Mazarakis Ainian, Alexander . Η Κοινωνική Αρχαιολογία του Ελληνικού Κόσμου κατά την Πρώιμη Εποχή του Σιδήρου και την Πρώιμη Αρχαϊκή περίοδο (The Aristeia Project: The Social Archeology of the Greek World during the Early Iron Age and the Early Archaic period), 'Gona trapeza', Online here.
5. Niebieszczański [2012]: Niebieszczański, Jakub. ‘Geographical Information System methods implementation in the Anthemountas Valley Archaeological Project researches. Visualization and analysis of delimited study area.’, Poznań 2012, '1. Gona', pg. 27.
Online here.
6. Rey [1917-19]: Rey, Leon. ‘VIII. - Vallée de la Vassilika’, Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique (41-43) 127-161. 1917-19., '12. - Gona (Toumba sur table, ... ', pg. 141.
Online here.
7. Simpson [1981]: Simpson, Richard Hope. Mycenaean Greece. Park Ridge, New Jersey: Noyes Press, 1981., 'L 20 Gona', pg. 180.
DH French, CM No. V 3
Online here.