Site details

Panaztepe-Menemen

PK	C1754
TITLE	Panaztepe–Menemen
WGS84	38.622004° N, 26.940524° E
Accuracy	Exact

LAT/LON	38.622004, 26.940524
LON/LAT	26.940524, 38.622004

DMS

38° 37' 19.2144" N

26° 56' 25.8864" E

W3W	tibias, plunking, abdomens
UTM	35 S, 494823, 4274833
EGSA87	755852, 4278646

Elevation m	51
Elevation feet	167.3
Region	Anatolia
Subregion	Aeolis

GENERAL SITE TYPE Artifacts

TYPE

1.    Artifacts.   Kelder [2006], 56    'In addition, Mycenaean pottery and weapons, acquired by the Manisa Museum in 1982 (Mellink 1982, 565; Ersoy 1988, 55-82), were found at this site (Mellink 1984, 451; ...)...', 'In this building Mycenaean pottery was found, as well as a Grey Minyan fenestrate fruitstand', 'Other burial gifts include Mycenaean pottery, alongside local ware...'
2.    Artifacts.   Ersoy [1988],     'In early 1982 an important group of tomb goods was acquired by the Manisa Museum from an antiquities' dealer. The group comprised eight bronze weapons, six Mycenaean vases and seven local vessels.'
3.    Cem.   Gür [2015], 10    '...different tomb styles, defined as pithos, jar burial, cist, chamber, and composite are seen in the first level, tholoi are seen in the second level...'
4.    Pottery.   Erkanal [1989], 179    Gray Minyan ware was found on the acropolis.

PERIOD (High Chronology)

1. Middle Helladic: (2000 BC - 1600 BC)
    a.    Erkanal [1989]: 179, Associating Minyan ware to the MH. Erkanal [1989] 179 says 'In the same area was found pottery of the second millenium B.C., of which the most significant examples were those of grey Minyan ware.'

2. LH IIIA: (1410 BC - 1315 BC)
    a.    Kelder [2006]: 56, 'A settlement was also uncovered, with at least one LH IIIA-B ashlar building.', ' LH IIIA stirrup jars, pyxides, lentoid flasks and three-handled jars were found'

3. LH IIIA1: (1410 BC - 1375 BC)
    a.    Gür [2015]: 10, '...to date to the LH IIIA1-2/B1 periods, includes tholoi with a short dromos, used for both inhumation and cremation...'
    b.    Ersoy [1988]: 81, 'The early material, consisting of a sword ..., two or more arrowheads ..., Mycenaean vessels ... and, most probably, some of the local wares are dated to early 14th century BC.'

4. LH IIIA2: (1375 BC - 1320 BC)
    a.    Gür [2015]: 10, '...to date to the LH IIIA1-2/B1 periods, includes tholoi with a short dromos, used for both inhumation and cremation...'

5. LH IIIB: (1320 BC - 1190 BC)
    a.    Kelder [2006]: 56, 'A settlement was also uncovered, with at least one LH IIIA-B ashlar building.'
    b.    Gür [2015]: 10, '... burial gifts such as ceramics, weapons, jewelry, and seals date to LH IIIB/IIIC Early...'

6. LH IIIB1: (1320 BC - 1250 BC)
    a.    Gür [2015]: 10, '...to date to the LH IIIA1-2/B1 periods, includes tholoi with a short dromos, used for both inhumation and cremation...'

7. LH IIIB2: (1250 BC - 1190 BC)
    a.    Ersoy [1988]: 81, 'The date of the later material is obtained from the shapes and the decorations of the spearhead ... , one-edged knife ..., and razor ..., - these find their best parallels in the Aegean and Europe in the late 13th-early 12th century BC.'

8. LH IIIC: (1190 BC - 1060 BC)
    a.    Gür [2015]: 10, '... burial gifts such as ceramics, weapons, jewelry, and seals date to LH IIIB/IIIC Early...', 'The chamber tomb dates to the 12th century BC, mainly the LH IIIC period, based on scarabs found as a tomb item ...'

9. LH IIIC1: (1190 BC - 1130 BC)
    a.    Ersoy [1988]: 81, 'The date of the later material is obtained from the shapes and the decorations of the spearhead ... , one-edged knife ..., and razor ..., - these find their best parallels in the Aegean and Europe in the late 13th-early 12th century BC.'

NOTE

1. For additional reading: Günel, S. 1999: Panaztepe II: M.Ö. 2. Bine tarihlendirilen Panaztepe seramiǧinin Batı Anadolu ve Ege Arkeolojisindeki Yeri ve önemi, Ankara; Kelder [2006] ('Panaztepe-Menemen'). This gives a long list of Mycenaean objects found. Perhaps the Mycenaeans had a colony here. Luwian Studies, says 'Painted Mycenaean pottery, imported or imitated locally, occurred after the 14th cent. BCE. Mycenaean-like seals, jewelry, and bronze weapons were found as gifts in the graves.'

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Erkanal [1989]: Erkanal, Armagan. ‘Panaztepe, 1987/88’, Anatolian Studies (39) 175 - 185. 1989., ''Panaztepe, 1987/88'', pg. 179. Online here.

2. Ersoy [1988]: Ersoy, Y.E.. ‘Finds from Menemen/Panaztepe in the Manisa Museum’, The Annual of the British School at Athens (83) 55-82, 1988., '', Online here.

3. Gür [2015]: Gür, Baris. ‘An Overview of the Late Helladic IIIC Period in Anatolia’, Talanta (46-47), pp. 7-26, 2014-2015, '', pg. 10. Online here.

4. Kelder [2006]: Kelder, Jorrit M.. ‘Mycenaeans in Western Anatolia’, Talanta (36-37), 49-86. 2004-2005., 'Panaztepe - Menemen', pg. 56. Online here.