Larymna: Kastro
| PK | C1973 |
| TITLE | Larymna: Kastro |
| WGS84 | 38.566187° N, 23.288702° E |
| Accuracy | Exact |
| LAT/LON | 38.566187, 23.288702 |
| LON/LAT | 23.288702, 38.566187 |
| DMS | 38° 33' 58.2732" N | , | 23° 17' 19.3272" E |
| W3W | spacious, piggy, dives |
| UTM | 34 S, 699399, 4271121 |
| EGSA87 | 437884, 4268590 |
| Elevation m | 5 |
| Elevation feet | 16.4 |
| Region | Locris |
| Subregion | Opuntia |
GENERAL SITE TYPE Settlement
TYPE
1. Artifacts. Oldfather [1916a],2. Fort. Fossey [1990], 22 ' ...; the same fortifications give rise to the name of Kastrí.'
3. hab. Simpson and Dickinson [1979], 243 One stretch of wall is Cyclopean and there is a scatter of LH sherds.
4. Harbor. Simpson [1981], 69 'The port of Larymna was probably important to Orchomenos in the Mycenaean period.'
5. Pottery. Fossey [1990], 24 'Pottery etc; MH, LH IIIB, LH IIIC?, PG, ... '
6. Settlement. Fossey [1990], 22 ' ... which indicate the location of an ancient settlement; ... '
7. Settlement. Simpson [1981], 69 'The port of Larymna was probably important to Orchomenos in the Mycenaean period.'
8. Sherds. Phialon [2011], 117 ' ... et un tesson HM y a entre autres été identifié, ... '
9. Sherds. Simpson [1981], 69 ' ..., and some LH IIIB sherds found within the wall ... '
10. Sherds. Simpson [1965], 120 'In 1959 I picked out some LH IIIB sherds from within part of the ruined lower structure of this latter wall.'
11. Wall. Fossey [1990], 22 'The most noticeable of the visible remains are those of the fortification wall running along the shore all around the peninsula ... '
12. Wall. Phialon [2011], 117 ' ..., un segment de mur de stratification HR III B a été découvert sur le site antique de Kastri ... '
13. Wall. Simpson [1965], 120 'I also noted that the wall is of genuine 'Cyclopean' style, ... '
14. Wall. Simpson [1981], 69 'But a longer stretch, well preserved on the northwest flank, is of true "Cyclopean" style, with small stones in the interstices ... '
15. Wall. Kramer-Hajos [2008], 54 ' ..., however, a wall in a rough polygonal style of quite large (though rarely more than one m long) light gray stones is preserved to ca. 2.5 m ... '
SITE SIZE
- Simpson [1981] p. 69, Size: 12000 sq. m. ' ... enclosed an area about 150 m. northeast to southwest by 80 m.'
- Simpson [1965] p. 120, Size: 12000 sq. m. 'The area enclosed by ancient walls is about 150 metres south-east to north-west by 80 metres.'
PERIOD (High Chronology)
1. Middle Helladic: (2000 BC - 1600 BC)
a. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 243, '...part of the rim of a MH Hatt-painted jar, ...'
b. Simpson [1981]: 69, 'MH LH IIIB LH IIIC? ... '
c. Phialon [2011]: 117, ' ... et un tesson HM ... '
d. Fossey [1990]: 24, 'MH, LH IIIB, LH IIIC?, PG, G, A, ... '
e. Simpson [1965]: 120, 'MH ... '
2. Late Helladic: (1700 BC - 1050 BC)
a. Oldfather [1916a]: 40, 'These rough polygonal walls prove conclusively that Larymna was a strongly fortified, and hence important, seaport in very early, probably Mycenaean times.'
3. LH IIIB: (1320 BC - 1190 BC)
a. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 244, '....some LH IIIB sherds found within the wall...'
b. Simpson [1965]: 120, 'MH LH IIIB PG G ... '
c. Kramer-Hajos [2008]: 55, 'Hope Simpson and Dickinson mention the presence of LH IIIB sherds among the stone of the wall (Hope Simpson and Dickinson 1979, 243-4, #G22), which would give a terminus post quem for its construction; ... '
d. Simpson [1981]: 69, ' ... the evidence of LH IIIB habitation at Larymna, ...', ' ..., and some LH IIIB sherds found within the wall in 1959 give a terminus post quem for its construction.'
e. Phialon [2011]: 117, ' ... mur de stratification HR III B ... '
f. Fossey [1990]: 24, 'MH, LH IIIB, LH IIIC?, PG, G, A, ... ', 'LH IIIB sherds found among the stones of this wall ... ' The wall in question is the polygonal style wall on the west side of the peninsula.
4. LH IIIC: (1190 BC - 1060 BC)
a. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 244, '...(including one krater fragment possibly LH IIIC)...'
b. Simpson [1981]: 69, ? ' ... including one krater fragment possibly of the LH IIIC period ... '
c. Fossey [1990]: 24, 'MH, LH IIIB, LH IIIC?, PG, G, A, ... '
5. Protogeometric: (1100 BC - 900 BC)
a. Simpson [1965]: 120, ' ... PG ... '
b. Fossey [1990]: 24, 'MH, LH IIIB, LH IIIC?, PG, G, A, ... '
6. Late Protogeometric: (950 BC - 925 BC)
a. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 243, '...a LPG or EG sherd with concentric circles, ...'
7. Geometric: (900 BC - 700 BC)
a. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 243, '...and part of a G jug handle.'
b. Simpson [1965]: 120, 'MH LH IIIB PG G ... '
c. Fossey [1990]: 24, 'MH, LH IIIB, LH IIIC?, PG, G, A, ... '
8. Archaic: (700 BC - 480 BC)
a. Fossey [1990]: 24, 'MH, LH IIIB, LH IIIC?, PG, G, A, ... '
NOTE
1. A fine line drawing/map of the Larymna inner harbor is in Fossey [1990] 25, Fig. 4.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Fossey [1990]: Fossey, John M.. The Ancient Topography of Opountian Locris. J.C. Gieben, Publisher. Amsterdam 1990, '1. Kastrí, Lármes (= anc. Larymna)', pg. 24.
2. Kramer-Hajos [2008]: Kramer-Hajos, Margaretha. Beyond the Palace: Mycenaean East Lokris. BAR International Series. No. 1781. 2008., ''Larymna-Kastro (Larymna)'', pg. 53.
3. Oldfather [1916a]: Oldfather, W.A.. ‘Studies in the History and Topography of Locris. I’, American Journal of Archaeology, (January-March, 1916), pp. 32-61., '', Online here.
4. Phialon [2011]: Phialon, Laetitia. L'Émergence de la Civilisation Mycénienne en Grèce Centrale. Peeters, Leuven - Liege. Belgium. 2011., 'I.3.1.5. La bordure nord de l'ancien lac Kopaïs et ses affluents', pg. 114.
5. Simpson [1965]: Simpson, R. Hope. A Gazetteer and Atlas of Mycenaean Sites. London, Institute of Classical Studies, 1965., ''413 Kastri (Larymna)'', pg. 120.
6. Simpson [1981]: Simpson, Richard Hope. Mycenaean Greece. Park Ridge, New Jersey: Noyes Press, 1981., 'C 20 Larymna: Kastri', pg. 69.
Online here.
7. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: Simpson, Richard Hope and O.T.P.K. Dickinson. A Gazetteer of Aegean Civilization in the Bronze Age, Vol. I: The Mainland and the Islands. Paul Åströms Förlag, Goteborg. 1979., 'G 22 Larymna: Kastri', pg. 243.
Online here.