Site details

Kallithea: Laganidia

PK	C508
TITLE	Kallithea: Laganidia
WGS84	38.16608° N, 21.741716° E
Accuracy	Exact

LAT/LON	38.16608, 21.741716
LON/LAT	21.741716, 38.16608

DMS

38° 9' 57.888" N

21° 44' 30.1776" E

W3W	freights, stepfather, spaceship
UTM	34 S, 564974, 4224502
EGSA87	302015, 4226365

Elevation m	364
Elevation feet	1194.2
Region	Achaea

GENERAL SITE TYPE Tholos

TYPE

1.    Cem.   ERGON[1987], 89
2.    Cem.   Giannopoulos [2008], 53    '... ein weiteres mykenisches Gräberfeld entdeckt, ...'
3.    Chamber Tomb.   Graff [2011], 23    '... tholos tomb and chamber tombs ...'
4.    Chamber Tomb.   Paschalidis [2018], 11    ' ... and 23 chambered ones around it.'
5.    Cult.   Paschalidis [2018], 12    ' ... burials accompanied by animal offerings (one horse, cattle, sheep and goat and one dog), ... '
6.    Tholos.   Giannopoulos [2008], 53    '... ein seit der mykenischen Zeit geplündertes Tholosgrab entdeckt.'
7.    Tholos.   Hünewinkel [2007], 36    'Bei den darauf folgenden Untersuchungen durch Papadopoulos kamen unter anderem die Überreste eines spätbronzezeitlichen Tholosgrabes zutage.'
8.    Tholos.   Graff [2011], 23    '... tholos tomb and chamber tombs ...'
9.    Tholos.   BCH [1988], 632    '...une tombe à tholos ...'
10.    Tholos.   Paschalidis [2018], 11    ' ... Papadopoulos located and excavated one tholos tomb ... '

PERIOD (High Chronology)

1. Late Helladic I: (1700 BC - 1635 BC)
    a.    Hünewinkel [2007]: 37, 'Die Belegungszeit des Grabes erstreckte sich über die Phasen SHI bis SHIIIC...'
    b.    BCH [1988]: 634, 'Le céramique, presque toujours décorée, présente une grande variété et de motifs, qui s'échelonnent de l'HR I à l'HR IIIC.'

2. Late Helladic II: (1635 BC - 1410 BC)
    a.    Hünewinkel [2007]: 36, 'Die Belegungszeit des Grabes erstreckte sich über die Phasen SHI bis SHIIIC...'
    b.    BCH [1988]: 634, 'Le céramique, presque toujours décorée, présente une grande variété et de motifs, qui s'échelonnent de l'HR I à l'HR IIIC.'

3. LH IIA: (1635 BC - 1470 BC)
    a.    Giannopoulos [2008]: 54, 'As Cavanagh and Mee remark, the tholos grave of Laganidia belongs to the first "Generation" of tholos graves which occur outside Messenia (Mycenae, Vapheio, Kakovatos, Samikon, Thorikos).' (trans. RHC)
    b.    Paschalidis [2018]: 11, 'The tholos tomb must have been constructed in the LH IIA, ... '

4. LH IIB: (1470 BC - 1410 BC)
    a.    Paschalidis [2018]: 12, 'The finds from the chamber tombs date from LH IIB to late LH IIIC.'

5. LH III: (1410 BC - 1060 BC)
    a.    Hünewinkel [2007]: 36, 'Die Belegungszeit des Grabes erstreckte sich über die Phasen SHI bis SHIIIC...'

6. LH IIIA: (1410 BC - 1315 BC)
    a.    Papadopoulos [1979]: 27, 'LHIIIA - C, SM (?)'
    b.    ERGON[1987]: 89,
    c.    Giannopoulos [2008]: 54, '...uns Kreuzschwerter v.a. in den Unterphasen SM/SH IIIA 1-2...'
    d.    Graff [2011]: 23, '... with a range of Late Helladic IIIA to Late Helladic IIIC (1390-1150 BCE).'
    e.    BCH [1988]: 634, 'Le céramique, presque toujours décorée, présente une grande variété et de motifs, qui s'échelonnent de l'HR I à l'HR IIIC.'

7. LH IIIA2: (1375 BC - 1320 BC)
    a.    Paschalidis [2018]: 12, ' ... it (the tholos tomb, RHC) was turned into a place for depositing relocated inhumations ... '

8. LH IIIB: (1320 BC - 1190 BC)
    a.    Papadopoulos [1979]: 27, 'LHIIIA - C, SM (?)'
    b.    ERGON[1987]: 89,
    c.    Giannopoulos [2008]: 54, '...uns Kreuzschwerter v.a. in den Unterphasen SM/SH IIIA 1-2 und auch noch in der folgenden Phase SH IIIB begegnen,...'
    d.    Graff [2011]: 23, '... with a range of Late Helladic IIIA to Late Helladic IIIC (1390-1150 BCE).'
    e.    BCH [1988]: 634, 'Le céramique, presque toujours décorée, présente une grande variété et de motifs, qui s'échelonnent de l'HR I à l'HR IIIC.'
    f.    Paschalidis [2018]: 12, 'The finds from the chamber tombs date from LH IIB to late LH IIIC.'

9. LH IIIC: (1190 BC - 1060 BC)
    a.    Papadopoulos [1979]: 27, 'LHIIIA - C, SM (?)'
    b.    ERGON[1987]: 89,
    c.    Giannopoulos [2008]: 54, '... in vielen Phasen der mykenischen Zeit und wahrscheinlich bis hin zur protogeometrischen Zeit.'
    d.    Graff [2011]: 23, '... with a range of Late Helladic IIIA to Late Helladic IIIC (1390-1150 BCE).'
    e.    BCH [1988]: 634, 'Le céramique, presque toujours décorée, présente une grande variété et de motifs, qui s'échelonnent de l'HR I à l'HR IIIC.'
    f.    Paschalidis [2018]: 12, 'The finds from the chamber tombs date from LH IIB to late LH IIIC.'

10. Protogeometric: (1100 BC - 900 BC)
    a.    Giannopoulos [2008]: 54, '... und wahrscheinlich bis hin zur protogeometrischen Zeit.'
    b.    Hünewinkel [2007]: 36, '... und reichte möglicherweise sogar bis in protogeometrische Zeit.'

NOTES

1. Papadopoulos [1979] 27, '15. Kallithea': 'The author (on behalf of the Archaeological Society) resumed excavations of the Mycenaean cemetery in 1976, which continued in 1977. Eight tombs were cleared. Pottery, bronzes and ornaments of the LHIIIA - C date were found. Test trenches suggest the existence of a large cemetery at the site.'

2. Our sources, specifically Giannopoulos [2008], give us the following narrative. The finds of the Kallithea region are two, this of Laganidia and that of Rabadania/Spetzes (C497) to its south. Sources often treat them together. The necropolis at Laganidia was discovered by road-workers and was investigated by Th. Papadopoulos during several campaigns (1987 - 1993 and again in 1999) which he conducted in this area. The finds are described in Giannopoulos [2008] 53 ff.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. ERGON[1987]: To ergon tes Archaiologikes Hetaireias, Athenai: Archaiologike Hetaireia. 1987., '', pg. 89.

2. BCH [1988]: Bulletin de correspondance hellénique. Volume 112, 1988., 'Kallithéa', pg. 632. Online here.

3. Giannopoulos [2008]: Giannopoulos, T.. Die Letzte Elite der mykenischen Welt: Achaia in mykenischer Zeit und das Phänomen der Kriegerbestattungen im 12.-11. Jahrhundert v. Chr.. Bonn: Habelt. 2008., 'Kallithea (Rabadania-Laganidia-Kivouri)', pg. 52.

4. Graff [2011]: Graff, Emily. Mycenaean Occupants of Ancient Kallithea: Understanding a Population's Health, Culture, and Lifestyle Through Bioarchaeological Analysis. Thesis for the degree of Master of Arts. University of Waterloo, Canada. 2011., 'The Kallithea Laganidia Cemetery and Burials', pg. 23. Ms. Graff's thesis is an interesting forensic examination of the individuals buried here. She includes important photographs and drawings and for those reasons I add it here.
Online here.

5. Hünewinkel [2007]: Hünewinkel, Sigrid. Spätbronzezeitliche Brandbestattungen im ägäischen Raum. Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg i. Br., Überlingen/Bodensee. 2007, 'VI.3.1.2.3. Kallithea Laganidia', pg. 36. Online here.

6. Paschalidis [2018]: Paschalidis, Constantinos (with contributions by Photini J.P. McGeorge and Wiesław Więckowski). The Mycenaean Cemetery at Achaia Clauss near Patras; People, material remains and culture in context. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, Summertown, Oxford OX2 7LG. 2018., 'At the neighbouring site of Laganidia ... ', pg. 11. Online here.