Site details

Vasiliki: Kefala

PK	C5088
TITLE	Vasiliki: Kefala
WGS84	35.080787° N, 25.803171° E
Accuracy	Exact

LAT/LON	35.080787, 25.803171
LON/LAT	25.803171, 35.080787

DMS

35° 4' 50.8332" N

25° 48' 11.4156" E

W3W	tenable, canoe, thorn
UTM	35 S, 390892.11, 3882657.09
EGSA87	664241, 3883200

Elevation m	192
Elevation feet	629.9
Region	Crete
Subregion	Ierapetra

GENERAL SITE TYPE Settlement

TYPE

1.    hab.   Seager [1906], 111    'There seems little doubt that in the Middle Minoan period the whole east slope of the Kephala was covered with habitations ...'
2.    Pottery.   Nowicki [2014], 160    'The pottery is very similar to that from Petras Kefala and Vainia Stavromenos.'
3.    Settlement.   Prent [2005], 147    'A hitherto unknown defensible settlement was discovered on the summit of the 210 m high Kephala hill, ... '
4.    Settlement.   Nowicki [2014], 160    'An FN II - EM I settlement ... '
5.    Settlement.   Nowicki [2000], 106    'An extensive LM IIIC settlement (with a shrine)...'
6.    Settlement.   Rehak and Younger [1998], 168    'The Dark Age settlement was large, occupying the whole flat top (ca. 230 m. north-south) of Kephala hill. Parts of 10 buildings, in varying degrees of preservation, have been located.'
7.    Tomb.   Syriopoulos [1995], 1157

SITE SIZE

- Rehak and Younger [1998]  p. 168,  Size: 9200 sq. m.  RHC estimate based on avg. width of 40 m. and a length of 230 m. '... occupying the whole flat top (ca. 230 m. north-south)...'

- Nowicki [2014]  p. 160,  Size: 10000 sq. m.  ' ... (at least 10,000 m² and probably more).'

PERIOD (High Chronology)

1. Late Neolithic: (4500 BC - 3100 BC)
    a.    Nowicki [2000]: 106, 'FN...'

2. Final Neolithic I: (3600 - 3200)
    a.    Nowicki [2014]: 160, 'A few sherds which can be classified as of FN I date were also seen on the surface of the site.'

3. Final Neolithic II: (3200 - 2800)
    a.    Nowicki [2014]: 160, 'An FN II - EM I settlement was located on the flat summit (ca. 200 by 60 m) ... '

4. Early Minoan: (3100 BC - 2200 BC)
    a.    Nowicki [2000]: 106, 'FN-EM I...'

5. Early Minoan I: (3100 BC - 2650 BC)
    a.    Nowicki [2014]: 160, 'An FN II - EM I settlement was located on the flat summit (ca. 200 by 60 m) ... '

6. Middle Minoan: (2100 BC - 1675 BC)
    a.    Seager [1906]: 111, '...in the Middle Minoan period...'

7. Late Minoan I: (1675 BC - 1470 BC)
    a.    Seager [1906]: 113, 'The first house cleared on the Kephala in 1903 represents the Late Minoan I period, ...'

8. Late Minoan IIIC: (1200 BC - 1075 BC)
    a.    Nowicki [2000]: 106, '...LM IIIC, ...'
    b.    Rehak and Younger [1998]: 168, '...a substantial settlement, LM IIIC to Protogeometric.'
    c.    Syriopoulos [1995]: 1157,
    d.    Prent [2005]: 148, ' ... indicate habitation from the early or middle LM IIIC into the PG period.'
    e.    Nowicki [2014]: 160, ' ..., but the hill is better known for its LM IIIC settlement and temple complex, ... '

9. Protogeometric: (1100 BC - 900 BC)
    a.    Rehak and Younger [1998]: 168, '...a substantial settlement, LM IIIC to Protogeometric.'
    b.    Prent [2005]: 148, ' ... indicate habitation from the early or middle LM IIIC into the PG period.'

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Nowicki [2000]: Nowicki, Krzysztof. Defensible Sites in Crete; c. 1200 - 800 B.C. (LM IIIB/IIIC through Early Geometric). Aegaeum (Annales d'archéologie égéenne de l'Université de Liège et UT-PASP), 21., '37. Vasiliki Kefala', pg. 106.

2. Nowicki [2014]: Nowicki, Krzysztof. Final Neolithic Crete and the Southeast Aegean. De Gruyter, United States, 2014., '80 Vasiliki Kefala', pg. 160. Online here.

3. Prent [2005]: Prent, Mieke. Cretan Sanctuaries and Cults; Continuity and Change from Late Minoan IIIC to the Archaic Period. Brill, 2005, 'A.16 Kephala Vasilikis', pg. 147. Online here.

4. Rehak and Younger [1998]: Rehak, Paul and John G. Younger. ‘Review of Aegean Prehistory VII: Neopalatial, Final Palatial, and Postpalatial Crete’, American Journal of Archaeology (102), pp. 91-173, 1998., '', pg. 168. Online here.

5. Seager [1906]: Seager, Richard B.. ‘Report of Excavations at Vasiliki, Crete, in 1906’, University of Pennsylvania Transactions of the Free Museum of Science and Art (2), pp. 111-132, 1906., '', pg. 111. Online here.

6. Syriopoulos [1995]: Syriopoulos, Konstantinos. Γενικος Συνοπτικος Καταλογος Των Περιεχομενων και των Δυο Τομων: Δευτερος Τομος. Athens: Athens Archaeological Society. 1995., '', pg. 1157.