Site details

Harma/Dritsa: Pyrgos (Ancient Eleon)

PK	C814
TITLE	Harma∕Dritsa: Pyrgos (Ancient Eleon)
WGS84	38.35586° N, 23.48077° E
Accuracy	Exact

LAT/LON	38.35586, 23.48077
LON/LAT	23.48077, 38.35586

DMS

38° 21' 21.096" N

23° 28' 50.772" E

W3W	zoom, altitude, pebbles
UTM	34 S, 716764, 4248213
EGSA87	454485, 4245140

Elevation m	262
Elevation feet	859.6
Region	Boeotia

GENERAL SITE TYPE Settlement

TYPE

1.    Artifacts.   Syriopoulos [1995], 1084
2.    Artifacts.   BCH Online, 6179    'Le mobilier comporte de la céramique de l'Helladique récent IA principalement : un gobelet minyen, deux cruches à peinture matte, un gobelet bichrome et un askos mycénien peint, ainsi que des objets en ivoire (poignée d'épée, fusaïoles) et des artefacts en bronze (rivets, anneaux et un poignard).'
3.    Artifacts.   Fossey [1988], 92    'Mycenaean and Archaic statuette fragments.'
4.    Artifacts.   Papachatzis [1981], 126
5.    Cem.   BCH Online, 6179    'Les travaux se sont portés sur la structure-tumulus (Blue Stone Structure), à l'intérieur duquel on avait mis au jour des sépultures en 2015.'
6.    Cem.   BCH Online, 5442    'En 2015, on a pu identifier cette structure à un enclos funéraire mycénien grâce à la découverte de quatre tombes à ciste, ... '
7.    Chamber Tomb.   Galanakis [2017], 94    'Within several graves have been investigated, including a number of BCTs, ... ' BCT is 'built chamber tomb'.
8.    hab.   Farinetti [2011 AI14], 16    'Prehistoric occupation is also known at the site, especially MH and LH (represented by abundant sherds of excellent quality - Syriopoulos 1968).'
9.    Lithics.   Simpson [1965], 125    ' ..., together with obsidian.'
10.    Lithics.   Fossey [1988], 92    'Obsidian flakes.'
11.    Pottery.   Simpson [1965], 125    'The prehistoric surface pottery is of uniformly excellent quality, especially the Grey and Yellow Minyan ware, ... '
12.    Pottery.   BCH Online, 5442    'Sur le sol de la tombe, on a recueilli un canthare lustré (burnished), daté de l'HR I.'
13.    Settlement.   Aravantinos et al. [2016], 318    ' ..., the settlement at Eleon was most substantial during the Mycenaean period ... '
14.    Settlement.   Simpson [1981], 72    'This was undoubtedly a large and important Mycenaean settlement, probably second only to Thebes in the Theban plain'
15.    Settlement.   Charami [2013],
16.    Settlement.   Simpson [1965], 125    'This settlement occupied the flat table-land of a steep-sided hill ... '
17.    Settlement.   Simpson and Dickinson [1979], 246    'The prehistoric settlement occupied the flat top .. of a steep-sided hill ... '
18.    Sherds.   Ålin [1962], 120    'Auch hier fand Bölte mykenische Scherben.'
19.    Sherds.   Simpson [1981], 70    ' ... strewn with prehistoric surface sherds. Middle Helladic and Mycenaean sherds are abundant ... '
20.    Sherds.   Fimmen [1921], 6    'Mykenischer Scherben fand Bölte nach brieflicher Mitteilung.'
21.    Sherds.   Fossey [1988], 92    ' ... (Grey and yellow Minyan;; Matt-painted wares), ... '
22.    Sherds.   Simpson [1965], 125    'The extensive slopes towards the plain on the north are also covered with sherds, of which few are later than Mycenaean.'
23.    Sherds.   Simpson and Dickinson [1979], 247    'The MH and LH sherds are abundant and of excellent quality.'
24.    Wall.   Simpson [1965], 125    'In the Archaic period this acropolis was protected on the east side by a finely constructed wall of Lesbian masonry, ... '

SITE SIZE

- Simpson [1965]  p. 125,  Size: 24000 sq. m.  'The flat area on the top measures about 200 metres north-west to south-east by about 120 metres.'

PERIOD (High Chronology)

1. EH: (3100 BC - 2000 BC)
    a.    Farinetti [2011 AI14]: 15,
    b.    Charami [2013]: , 'Early Helladic Period'
    c.    Aravantinos et al. [2016]: 313, 'EH Period'
    d.    Simpson [1965]: 125, 'EG MH ... '

2. EH I: (3100 BC - 2700 BC)
    a.    Fossey [1988]: 92, 'Neo, EH I-III, MH ... LH III A-C, PG, EG, LG, SubG, Archaic ...'
    b.    Simpson [1981]: 70, 'EH I-III ... '

3. EH II: (2700 BC - 2200 BC)
    a.    Fossey [1988]: 92, 'Neo, EH I-III, MH ... LH III A-C, PG, EG, LG, SubG, Archaic ...'
    b.    Simpson [1981]: 70, 'EH I-III ... '

4. EH III: (2200 BC - 2000 BC)
    a.    Fossey [1988]: 92, 'Neo, EH I-III, MH ... LH III A-C, PG, EG, LG, SubG, Archaic ...'
    b.    Simpson [1981]: 70, 'EH I-III ... '

5. Middle Helladic: (2000 BC - 1600 BC)
    a.    Farinetti [2011 AI14]: 16, '..especially MH and LH (represented by abundant sherds of excellent quality ..'
    b.    Charami [2013]: , 'Middle Helladic period'
    c.    Fossey [1988]: 92, 'Neo, EH I-III, MH ... LH III A-C, PG, EG, LG, SubG, Archaic ...'
    d.    Simpson [1981]: 70, ' ... MH ... '
    e.    Aravantinos et al. [2016]: 313, 'MH Period'
    f.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 247, 'The MH and LH sherds are abundant and of excellent quality.'
    g.    Simpson [1965]: 125, ' ... MH ... '

6. Late Helladic: (1700 BC - 1050 BC)
    a.    Farinetti [2011 AI14]: 16, 'It was an important LH settlement (I/IIIC), probably second only to Thebes in the Theban plain, as remarked by HS&D 1979 G25.'
    b.    Charami [2013]: , 'Late Helladic period / Mycenaean'
    c.    Papachatzis [1981]: 126,
    d.    Ålin [1962]: 120, ' ... fand Bölte mykenische Scherben.'
    e.    Fimmen [1921]: 6, 'Mykenischer Scherben ...'
    f.    Aravantinos et al. [2016]: 318, 'Mycenaean Period'
    g.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 247, 'The MH and LH sherds are abundant and of excellent quality.'

7. Late Helladic I: (1700 BC - 1635 BC)
    a.    Charami [2013]: , 'Late Helladic I'
    b.    Simpson [1981]: 70, ' ... LH I/II-IIIC ... '
    c.    Aravantinos et al. [2016]: 319, 'At Eleon, too, the early phases of the Mycenaean period (LHI - IIA) seem to be represented by MH wares.'
    d.    Galanakis [2017]: 94, ' ... an early Mycenaean cemetery of some significance dating to the formative period of Mycenaean society, ca. 17th c. BC.'
    e.    BCH Online: 6179, 'Les vestiges du tumulus sont néanmoins bien conservés dans les niveaux inférieurs et accompagnés de céramique de l'HR I.'
    f.    BCH Online: 5442, 'La datation des tombes au début de l'époque mycénienne est confirmée par la céramique recueillis ... '

8. LH IA: (1700 BC - 1660 BC)
    a.    BCH Online: 6179, ' ... la céramique de l'Helladique récent IA principalement : ... '

9. Late Helladic II: (1635 BC - 1410 BC)
    a.    Simpson [1981]: 70, ' ... LH I/II-IIIC ... '
    b.    Galanakis [2017]: 94, ' ... an early Mycenaean cemetery of some significance dating to the formative period of Mycenaean society, ca. 17th c. BC.'

10. LH IIA: (1635 BC - 1470 BC)
    a.    Aravantinos et al. [2016]: 319, 'At Eleon, too, the early phases of the Mycenaean period (LHI - IIA) seem to be represented by MH wares.'

11. LH IIIA: (1410 BC - 1315 BC)
    a.    Charami [2013]: , 'Late Helladic IIIA'
    b.    Fossey [1988]: 92, 'Neo, EH I-III, MH ... LH III A-C, PG, EG, LG, SubG, Archaic ...'
    c.    Simpson [1965]: 125, 'EH MH LH IIIA-C:1 A C H'
    d.    Syriopoulos [1995]: 1084,
    e.    Simpson [1981]: 70, ' ... LH I/II-IIIC ... '
    f.    Aravantinos et al. [2016]: 319, 'The LH III A-B period is well represented by the quantities of sherd material and the great variety of painted motifs they preserve.'
    g.    Aravantinos et al. [2016]: 319, ' ...: for instance, the close stippling pattern unique to the IIIA1 period (A49.NT.1) is represented among our material ... '

12. LH IIIA1: (1410 BC - 1375 BC)
    a.    Aravantinos et al. [2016]: 320, Attested by a goblet stem (A44.5.4) dated by Mountjoy to LH IIIA1. '...; LH IIIA1: Mountjoy 1986: 65, fig. 75: 2, 14'

13. LH IIIA2: (1375 BC - 1320 BC)
    a.    Aravantinos et al. [2016]: 319, ' ... as well as the vertical dotted whorl shell of IIIA2 - IIIB ... '

14. LH IIIB: (1320 BC - 1190 BC)
    a.    Charami [2013]: , 'Late Helladic IIIB'
    b.    Fossey [1988]: 92, 'Neo, EH I-III, MH ... LH III A-C, PG, EG, LG, SubG, Archaic ...'
    c.    Simpson [1965]: 125, 'EH MH LH IIIA-C:1 A C H'
    d.    Syriopoulos [1995]: 1084,
    e.    Simpson [1981]: 70, ' ... LH I/II-IIIC ... '
    f.    Aravantinos et al. [2016]: 309, 'This prominent position of Eleon during the LH IIIB period, ... '
    g.    Aravantinos et al. [2016]: 319, 'A large number of panelled deep bowls demonstrate that there was a very strong presence on the acropolis of Eleon in the LH IIIB period.'

15. LH IIIB2: (1250 BC - 1190 BC)
    a.    Charami [2013]: , 'Late Helladic IIIB2'

16. LH IIIC: (1190 BC - 1060 BC)
    a.    Charami [2013]: , 'Late Helladic IIIC'
    b.    Fossey [1988]: 92, 'Neo, EH I-III, MH ... LH III A-C, PG, EG, LG, SubG, Archaic ...'
    c.    Simpson [1981]: 70, ' ... LH I/II-IIIC ... '
    d.    Aravantinos et al. [2016]: 309, 'The survey has shown that habitation on Eleon remained strong during the LH IIIC period, ... '
    e.    Aravantinos et al. [2016]: 319, 'Further activity into the LH IIIC middle period is confirmed by kalathos fragments with figural decoration'

17. LH IIIC1: (1190 BC - 1130 BC)
    a.    Simpson [1965]: 125, 'EH MH LH IIIA-C:1 A C H'

18. Protogeometric: (1100 BC - 900 BC)
    a.    Fossey [1988]: 92, 'Pottery and Small Finds; a. Pyrgos; ..., PG, EG, LG, SubG, ... '

19. Geometric: (900 BC - 700 BC)
    a.    Fossey [1988]: 92, 'Pottery and Small Finds; a. Pyrgos; ..., PG, EG, LG, SubG, ... '

20. Early Geometric: (900 BC - 850 BC)
    a.    Fossey [1988]: 92, 'Pottery and Small Finds; a. Pyrgos; ..., PG, EG, LG, SubG, ... '

21. Late Geometric: (760 BC - 700 BC)
    a.    Fossey [1988]: 92, 'Pottery and Small Finds; a. Pyrgos; ..., PG, EG, LG, SubG, ... '

22. Archaic: (700 BC - 480 BC)
    a.    Simpson [1965]: 125, ' ... A C H'

NOTES

1.  Explore a digital model of ancient Eleon here.

2.  For a map showing the distribution of Mycenaean period sherds on Eleon see Aravantinos [2016] 303, Figure 6. A topographic map of the acropolis of Eleon showing some surface walls is in Aravantinos [2016] 296, Figure 2.

3.  For more on ancient Eleon see the page on Topostext here

rhc

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. BCH Online: Archaeology in Greece Online/Chronique des fouilles en ligne, 'ELEON. - Eastern Boeotia Archaeological Project - 2016', no. 6179. Online here.

2. BCH Online: Archaeology in Greece Online/Chronique des fouilles en ligne, 'ELEON. - Eastern Boeotia Archaeological Project - 2016', no. 5442. Online here.

3. Ålin [1962]: Ålin, Per. Das Ende der mykenischen Fundstätten auf dem griechischen Festland. Carl Bloms Boktryckeri A.-B., Lund, 1962., 'Dritsa', pg. 120.

4. Aravantinos et al. [2016]: Aravamtomps. Vassilis and Brendan Burke, Bryan Burns, Yannis Fappas, Susan Lupack, Camilla MacKay. ‘The Eastern Boeotia Archaeological Project 2007 - 2010: The Intensive Surface Survey - Eleon’, Mouseion: Journal of the Classical Association of Canada (13:2), 2016, VLII - Series III. 293-357. , '', pg. 293. Online here.

5. Charami [2013]: Charami, Alexandra. Canadian Institute in Greece, 2013., 'Eleon (Arma)', Online here. Online here.

6. Farinetti [2011 AI14]: Farinetti, Emeri. Boeotian Landscapes; A GIS-based study ... Appendix I.14; The Tanagra plain and Eastern Boeotia. British Archaeological Reports, no. 2195. 2011., '45 - 48. Dritsa - Pyrgos (ancient ELEON): Components TA_75 to TA_85 and TA_88 (45); TA_86 and TA_87 (46); T_89 and TA_90 (47) ; and TA_211 (48)', pg. 15. Specifically components TA_76, TA_77, TA_78

7. Fimmen [1921]: Fimmen, Dietrich. Die Kretisch-Mykenische Kultur. Verlag und Druck von B.G. Teubner, Leipzig und Berlin. 1921., 'Dritsa (Eleon).', pg. 6. Online here.

8. Fossey [1988]: Fossey, John M.. Topography and Population of Ancient Boiotia. Ares publishers Inc., Chicago, Illinois. 1988., '18. Dhritsa (mod. Arma) - HELEON', pg. 89.

9. Galanakis [2017]: Galanakis, Yannis. ‘A survey of Late Bronze Age funerary archaeology over the last 25 years in the central and southern Aegean’, Archaeology in Greece (64), pp. 85-101, 'Most of the BCTs appear to express ... ', pg. 94. Online here.

10. Papachatzis [1981]: Papachatzis, N.D., Pausaniou Ellados Periegesis. Biblia 9 kai 10, Boiotika kai Phokika. Athens, 1981., 'Pl. 144', pg. 126.

11. Simpson [1965]: Simpson, R. Hope. A Gazetteer and Atlas of Mycenaean Sites. London, Institute of Classical Studies, 1965., ''427 Dritsa (Eleon)'', pg. 125.

12. Simpson [1981]: Simpson, Richard Hope. Mycenaean Greece. Park Ridge, New Jersey: Noyes Press, 1981., 'C 24 Harma (formerly Dritsa): Ancient Eleon', pg. 70. Online here.

13. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: Simpson, Richard Hope and O.T.P.K. Dickinson. A Gazetteer of Aegean Civilization in the Bronze Age, Vol. I: The Mainland and the Islands. Paul Åströms Förlag, Goteborg. 1979., 'G 25 Harma (Formerly Dritsa): Ancient Eleon', pg. 246. Online here.

14. Syriopoulos [1995]: Syriopoulos, Konstantinos. Γενικος Συνοπτικος Καταλογος Των Περιεχομενων και των Δυο Τομων: Δευτερος Τομος. Athens: Athens Archaeological Society. 1995., '', pg. 1084.